History of Classification (with Hirarchy of taxonomic major group))

Putting living things into groups and giving them names makes it easier to talk about them and understand them. This process of sorting is called classification. Most scientists classify all living things into one of five large groups called kingdoms: animals, plants, fungus, protest (which include algae) and moneran (which include bacteria and blue-green algae). Kingdoms are made up of organisms that share some basic similarities but also very different. For examples, the animal kingdom contains animals as diverse as an earthworm and an eagle. However each kingdom can be divided into smaller and smaller groups, each containing organism that have more and more features in common. The smallest group, a species, describes any group of living things that have two major characteristics: first, they all share the same general physical appearance; second and more importantly, members of a species can successfully reproduce.
The science of classifying living things is called taxonomy; and someone who classifies living things is known a taxonomist. Taxonomist tries to group living things together which seems to be related. To do this, they look for physical features (characteristics), such as whether or not animal has hair or scales, as well as chemical and genetic similarities. Sometimes is clear how to classify a particular species, but sometimes it is not, and taxonomist may disagree.
Humans have probably always classified life. Thousands of years ago, people designated plants, animals, and fungi by whether they were tasty and safe to eat, of medicinal value, or were foul-tasting or even poisonous. An early taxonomist was Greek philosopher Aristotle (384–322 B.C.), who differentiates living things into animals (animalia) and plants (plantae). Aristotle classified animals based on observation, for example, he defined high-level groups of animals by whether or not they had red blood. If they had then it is animal.
During 1753, Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus classified all known species of his time into two large groups: the kingdoms Plantae and Animalia. He also placed all living organisms into small grouping based on their similarities (Hirarchy of taxonomic). He called the small grouping species. Species showing similar characteristics were placed into a larger grouping called a genus. Similar genera (plural of genus) were placed into an even larger grouping called a family. The idea of grouping similar organism was extended further, with similar families grouped into order, similar orders grouped into class, similar classes grouped into phyla (the plural of ‘phylum’) for Animalia or division for Plantae, and similar phyla placed into the largest grouping of all, a kingdom. There are many ways to remembering the order of the levels; could you try to find your own way to remember it?

Kingdom :Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class :Mammalia
Order :Primates
Family :Hominidae
Genus :Homo
species : Homo sapiens

kingdom : Plantae

Division : Angiospermophyta

Class : Monocotyledoneae

Order : Commelinales

Family : Poaceae

Genus : Zea

Speies : Zea mays

I found 2 ways to remember it, you may choose one of them or use your own way!

King Played Chess On Fat Guy's Stomach

kings Play Chess On Funky Green Squares

Linneus also developed the concept of scientific name binomial nomenclature to named the species, so all scientists that speaking and writing different languages could communicate clearly. For example: Man in English is Hombre in Spanish, Herr in German, Ren in Chinese, and Homo in Latin. Linnaeus choose Latin, which was the language that learned by most scientist at that time. If a scientist refers today to Homo, all scientists in every country know what organism/taxon he or she means. The rules of binomial nomenclature are:
1. The name is made up of two words-the genus name and the descriptive/specific name.The genus name comes first and the descriptive or specific name comes second.
2. The first name starts with capital letter and the second name with a lower case letter.
3. The scientific name of the species should be set in italics if typed and underlined each word if handwritten.

As biologists find more of life's diversity, classification as plant or animal was no longer sufficient. The invention of the microscope revealed an entirely hidden, but vastly populated, world. The three kingdom system(Plantae, Animalia , and Protista ), introduced by Ernst Haeckel a German naturalist in 1894.

The important changed introduced by this classification history was the introduction of the fourth Kingdom: Bacteria by Herbert Copeland (1956). This reflected they start to understand that bacteria (single-celled prokaryotes) were very much different from single-celled eukaryotes. Previously, single-celled eukaryotes and bacteria (single-celled prokaryotes) were grouped together in the Kingdom Protista.
Robert Whittaker in 1959 added a fifth kingdom to Copeland's four kingdoms, the Kingdom Fungi. Other schemes involving an even greater number of kingdoms have lately been proposed. In 1977, Carl Woese extended Robert Whittaker's Five Kingdoms to replace Kingdom bacteria with two kingdoms, Eubacteria and Archaebacteria. However most biologists employ Whittaker's five kingdoms: Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protista, and Monera.

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